What is the meaning of “Assalamu Alaikum”?


"Assalamu Alaikum" is an Arabic phrase commonly used as a greeting among Muslims. This means "peace be upon you" in English. It is a way of wishing peace, blessings and happiness to the recipient. This phrase is often followed by "wa alaikum assalam", which means "and peace also to you", in response to greetings. 

In addition to its use as a greeting, "Assalamu Alaikum" has deeper religious and spiritual connotations in Islam. This phrase is also used in prayer, as a way to seek God's peace and blessings. 



According to Islamic tradition, it is believed that when one person says "Assalamu Alaikum" to another, they are also asking God to bless the person being welcomed.



This phrase is used not only among Muslims but also in interactions with non-Muslims as a sign of respect and goodwill. It is a way of acknowledging the shared humanity of all and recognizing the importance of peaceful coexistence. 


Overall, "Assalamu Alaikum" is an expression of the values ​​of peace, respect and kindness that are central to the teachings of Islam. 


Presentation of that religion The Basic Ideas of the Parsi Religion

Zoroastrianism, one of the oldest monotheistic religions in the world, is often called the Parsi religion because it has many followers among Parsis in India. It was founded by Zoroaster (or Zarathustra), a prophet in ancient Persia who influenced other major religions and is still practiced today though not by many people.

The central tenet of Zoroastrianism is the worship of Ahura Mazda, the supreme god, and the fight between good and evil typified by Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu respectively. The struggle between these two forces according to Zoroaster’s teachings concentrates on truth-telling, doing what one is expected to do, and individual choices that affect this battle. This religion’s basic principles create an elaborate foundation for ethical teaching.

Prophet Zoroaster: Founder and ReformerZarathustra as he was popularly known as Zoroaster, was born around 1200 to 1500 BCE in N.E.Iran/ S.W.Afghanistan; although his precise dates are debated among scholars. The life and mission of Zoroaster were revolutionary. He aimed at reforming polytheism as well as ritual practices common at his time leading to a pure form of worship that centered on Ahura Mazda Wise Lord being the only god.

एलीफेंटा गुफाएं महाराष्ट्र में मुंबई के पास स्थित हैं, जो भगवान शिव को समर्पित गुफा मंदिरों का एक संग्रह हैं।

इन एलीफेंटा गुफ़ाओं को विश्व विरासत अर्थात यूनेस्को में शामिल किया गया है। 

Religion and Social Concerns Caste Structure and the Empowerment of Women

Hinduism is one of the oldest and most diverse religious traditions in the world. Over the years, it has been deeply connected with social systems and cultural norms which have greatly impacted people’s lives for centuries. This paper will discuss two major social concerns that exist within Hindu society – caste system and women’s status. We will look at their historical background, development over time as well as current challenges faced by them; besides we are going to touch upon attempts made towards changing these aspects taking into consideration insights from Hindu religious texts, historical records and contemporary discourses.

Caste System in Hindu Society: Historical Views and Modern ChallengesThe “varna vyavastha” or caste system is a hierarchical division of people into different groups based on their birth, occupation and social status . There are four main categories under this traditional varna system:

  • Brahmins (Priests): They belong to highest varna who perform priestly duties such as conducting rituals, studying scriptures etc.
  • Kshatriyas (Warriors): This class includes warriors responsible for protecting society against external aggression and ruling kingdoms internally.
  • Vaishyas (Merchants): Members of business community engaged mainly in wealth creation through trade activities like agriculture among others.
  • Shudras (Servants): Labourers performing manual tasks considered inferior by other higher castes; they serve those above them.

Navroz: A Parsi New Year's Celebration of Accepting New Beginnings

Meaning in Culture: Navroz, which translates to "New Day," has its origins in antiquated Zoroastrian customs. It represents the arrival of prosperity and progress as well as the victory of light over darkness. Navroz, which falls on the vernal equinox, is widely observed by Zoroastrians, especially those of the Parsi community in India.